Additionally, public music may be heard at dozens of pop and rock concert events all year long. Open-air opera might even be heard, for example, at the historic Roman amphitheater, the Verona Arena. Later, in the Fascist era of the Twenties and 30s, authorities censorship and interference with music occurred, although not on a systematic foundation. Prominent examples include the notorious anti-modernist manifesto of 1932 and Mussolini’s banning of G.F. Malipiero’s opera La favola del figlio cambiato after one performance in 1934.
Egide Charles Gustave Wappers, Episode of the Belgian Revolution of 1830, 1834, Musée d’Art Ancien, Brussels. Example of…